When someone’s relationship with alcohol or drugs begins to change, it can be difficult to know when substance use has become something more serious. Substance use disorder is a medical condition that affects the brain and can make it difficult for a person to control their use of alcohol or drugs, even when it is causing harm in their life.
It’s also important to understand what substance use disorder is not. Substance use disorder is not a failure or weakness that can be fixed with willpower. It can affect anyone, and it’s not always as simple as making a different choice.
Recognizing the warning signs can be an important first step toward getting help. These signs generally fall into three categories: physical, behavioral and psychological.
Physical Warning Signs of Substance Use Disorder
Some signs of substance use disorder can be seen or heard. They include:
- Eye changes: Bloodshot, glassy, changes in pupil size
- Weight changes: Sudden weight loss or gain, often due to different eating habits
- Sleep pattern changes: Chronic insomnia, daytime sleeping
- Change in appearance: Lack of personal hygiene and grooming
- Physical instability: Slurred speech, tremors, lack of coordination
Behavioral Warning Signs of Substance Use Disorder
Changes in behavior often happen when the brain starts to prioritize the substance over everyday activities and responsibilities. This may include:
- Increased substance use and inability to stop
- Absenteeism and a noticeable drop in performance at work or school
- Secrecy and defensiveness related to substance use
- Withdrawal from hobbies, sports, social gatherings, and other activities that were once considered important or enjoyable.
- Isolating from family members and friends
- Financial difficulties or unexplained requests for money
Psychological Signs of Substance Use Disorder
Chemical substances affect how the brain works, which can cause noticeable changes in mood and perception, including:
- Sudden mood swings from happiness to intense irritability, angry outbursts, sadness, or paranoia
- Lack of motivation and interest, detachment from what’s happening around them
- Feelings of hopelessness, guilt, or shame
A substance use disorder isn’t always easy to recognize, and no single warning sign necessarily means someone has a problem. But when several changes begin to affect a person’s health, relationships, work, school or daily life, it may be time to reach out for help.
Starting that conversation can feel difficult, whether you are concerned about yourself or someone you love. You don’t have to have all the answers before asking for support. Substance use disorder is treatable, and recovery is possible.
At Oaks, we offer addiction and recovery services designed to meet people at different stages of their journey, including outpatient treatment, Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT) and ongoing recovery support. If you or someone you care about may be struggling with substance use, call us at 1-800-963-3377 to learn about available services and next steps.
